There are five pages of lightning information that consist of data
collected at this site. The lightning detector is a
Boltek Storm Tracker
. Data is gathered using
Lightning 2000 by Aninoquisi Software.
The lightning detector antenna is located outdoors in a PVC housing
about 30 feet above the ground.
Current Lightning Display Page
: This page shows filtered lightning strikes and is updated every
5 minutes. Blue dots represent strikes that have been recorded in
the last 20 minutes. Red Xes represent strokes that have been recorded
in the last 60 seconds. The map is centered on the antenna location in Charlestown,
RI. 100 mile range rings from the antenna and a basic outline map of
nearby states and the coastline are depicted. The top left corner contains
the number of strokes per minute that are currently being recorded and the
bottom right corner shows the time that the image was created. The
range of the map may occasionally be changed if additional analysis is being
done at the station.
The Lightning 2000 software analyzes the strokes that it receives and
plots where it thinks "real" strokes occur and attempts to reject miscellaneous
strokes that do not appear to be associated with actual thunderstorms. The
current lightning display page shows these strokes.
One Hour Lightning Display Loop
: This page shows a one hour loop, updated every 5 minutes, of the
Current Lightning Display Page
described above.
Analysis, Raw Data, and Counters
: This page contains numerous windows showing various data that
is collected by the Lightning 2000 software. It is updated every 5
minutes. Because this is a snapshot of the computer screen that Lightning
2000 is running on, you may occasionally see different information on the
screen if the computer is being used for other purposes.
Across the top of the page there is a Stroke Rate Display graph showing
the number of strokes that have been received over time. The graph
shows the number of strokes that have been counted over the past three hours
- with the most recent on the right side of the graph. It also shows
the time and number of the maximum number strokes that have been recorded
in the last three hours.
Covering the left half of the center of the screen is an Analysis map.
The 100 mile range rings, just like those shown on the
Current Lightning Display Page
, are depicted on this map. In addition, there is a yellow ring
at 50 miles and a red ring at 25 miles. Instead of showing lightning
strikes, as the
Current Lightning Display Page
shows, this page uses Lightning 2000 software analysis to plot locations
where storms may be located. Lightning 2000 takes stroke data from
the last 5 to 20 minutes and attempts to calculate where storms may be located.
It shows the results of its analysis by drawing a box around the area
where storms may be located. This is not a precise location and should
be used with caution. If the estimated distance to the storm is more
than 50 miles from the antenna, the box will be green. If it is
between 25 and 50 miles, the box will be colored yellow. If it is
less than 25 miles, the box will be red. If there are not enough strokes
for Lightning 2000 to determine a storm may be present, there will be no
boxes.
To the right of the Analysis window is a window called "Raw Lightning
Data". This shows all the electrical pulses that the antenna receives.
These pulses could be lightning strokes, sparks from power lines, electrical
"noise" from electric appliances, etc. Lightning 2000 analyzes these
pulses and decides if they may be lightning from a thunderstorm or if they
are just random electrical interference. If Lightning 2000 decides
they are due to interference, they will not be plotted on the real time display,
and they will not be used to analyze storm locations on the analysis display.
If Lightning 2000 can not determine that the pulse is due to a storm,
it does not attempt to calculate the absolute distance to the pulse. The
window will show direction relative to the antenna and distance relative
to other strokes. Just like the
Current Lightning
Display Page
, blue dots represent strikes that have been recorded in the last 20 minutes.
Red Xes represent strokes that have been recorded in the last 60
seconds.
Above the analysis window is the Counter window. The details of
the data are shown in the following table:
|
Date and Time of the data on this page.
|
|
Number of strokes recorded in the last 60 seconds
|
Number of strokes recorded since midnight
|
|
Number of strong strokes recorded in the last 60
seconds
|
Number of strong strokes recorded since midnight
|
|
Number of noises recorded in the last 60 seconds
|
Number of noises recorded since midnight
|
|
Energy Ratio in the last 60 seconds
|
Total Energy since midnight
|
|
System Load of the lightning detection computer
|
The date, time, and number of strokes recorded are self-explanatory.
However, the number of strokes in the last 60 seconds has a color code.
If there is no background color, less than 50 strokes per minute are
occurring. If the background is yellow, then between 50 and 500 strokes
per minute are occurring. If the background is red, more than 500
strokes per minute are occurring. The remainder of the values are explained
below.
Strong strokes. These are stokes that exceed a certain intensity.
In general, the greater the number of strong strokes. the greater the
chance that there is a storm nearby. Like the 60 second stroke counter,
the 60 second strong stroke counter has a color code. If there is
no background color, there have been no strong strokes in the last 60 seconds.
If the background color is yellow, there have been one to three strong
strokes in the last 60 seconds. If the background color is red, more
than three strong strokes have been recorded in the last 60 seconds.
Noises. Lightning 2000 regards all strokes that it can not
determine the origin of as noise. In most cases these noises are due
to electrical sparks. These can come from sparking power lines, electric
motors, and an assortment of other electrical devices. In some cases actual
lightning strokes could be considered noise by the software. This
is basically interference.
Energy Ratio. Lightning 2000 analyses each stroke that it
receives and calculates how much energy the stroke contains. An "average"
stroke has a energy ration of 100%. If the stroke is weak, it will
have a ratio less than 100%. If it is strong, it will have a ratio greater
than 100%. This window will not display anything if there are less
than 10 strokes per minute occurring. If this value exceeds 100% the
background color will turn yellow. If it exceeds 150% the background
will turn red.
Total Energy Today. This adds the total amount of energy
since midnight. An energy ration of 100% will add a value of 1 to
this counter. In most cases, this number should be less than the total
number of strokes since midnight. However when a lot of high energy
strokes are recorded during the day, this number may exceed the number of
strokes for the day.
System Load of the lightning detection computer.
This bar graph is an indication of how hard the computer that is
measuring the lightning is working. This bar should generally be in
the green part of the bar. If it is consistently in the red part of
the bar, the computer is running at maximum capacity and may miss some strokes
that are received from the antenna.
At the bottom of the Analysis, Raw Data, and Counters window is a window
called Detector Activity. This is a bar graph showing the intensity
of the strokes received. The stronger the stroke, the further to the
right the segments will light. Since this page is updated every 5 minutes
you will be seeing what is happening at the instant the page was saved.
Since these segments only remain lit for 2 seconds, what you are seeing
is what happened during the prior 2 seconds of the page being saved.
Lightning NOWCast
. This is a text screen giving a summary of what is happening at the
moment the Nowcast is made. It is updated every 5 minutes. There
are five types of alerts that may be issued on this page. Each alert
is categorized as a red or a yellow alert.
|
Alert
|
Yellow
|
Red
|
Range Alert
|
Storm detected less than 50 miles
|
Storm detected less than 25 miles
|
Stroke Rate Alert
|
50 to 499 strokes per min detected
|
More than 499 strokes per min detected
|
Strong Stroke Rate Alert
|
1 to 4 strong strokes per min detected
|
More than 4 strong strokes per min detected
|
Energy Rate Alert
|
Energy ratio between 100 and 149%
|
Energy ration more than 149%
|
General Alert
|
If any of above yellow alerts are active
|
If any above red alerts are active
|
Next, the Nowcast shows the locations and intensities of storms that are
detected. It also breaks down the number of strokes, number of strong
strokes, energy ration, and noise counts during the previous hour.
Daily Lightning Summary
. This text screen gives a summary of what has happened since midnight.
It is updated every five minutes. It contains information on the
total and peak strokes, strong strokes, noises, and energy level detected
since midnight. It lists the amount of time that the various alerts
listed in the NOWCast explanation were active. It also shows the highest
signal strength received.